ຂ້ອຍຕ້ອງການເງິນບໍານານເທົ່າໃດ? 11 ຄໍາຖາມເງິນບໍານານໃຫຍ່ຕອບ

• Should people aim to replace 70%, 80% or some other percentage of their preretirement income? And is that gross income or pre​-​retirement spending?

• Is it ​OK to retire with just enough money to pay the bills and get by?

• ແມ່ນ​ຫຍັງ ຕາມຄວາມ ຈຳ ເປັນ spending?

• Do you need to keep a detailed retirement budget?

• Does spending ຫຼຸດລົງ in retirement?

• Is inflation a big deal for retirees?

• Will seniors really spend $300,000 on healthcare in retirement?

• How big a risk is ອາຍຸຍືນ?

• When should folks ຮ້ອງຂໍ Social Security—at age 62, 70 or somewhere in between?

• Are the days of saving money over once you retire?

• ບໍ່ໄດ້ ກົດ 4% still work? And how do you compute it?

Maybe the confusion isn’t surprising. You can find financial experts who will answer these questions in entirely different ways. My bigger worry: I see too many people who either overestimate or underestimate their retirement needs, or whose view of the future is either too pessimistic or too optimistic. How’s that for a definitive statement?

'' '"ອ່ານ: '' '"Are you saving more than you need for retirement?

I try to be realistic about retirement—from my admittedly conservative financial point of view. My answers are opinions, though opinions based on decades of managing retiree benefits, conducting retirement planning programs and my own 12 years as a retiree. Still, they’re opinions nonetheless. With that caveat in mind, here are my answers to retirement’s thorniest questions:

Replace what? My advice: Aim for 100% ການທົດແທນ of your gross pre​-​retirement income. If you include Social Security, many people can already count on receiving 40% of their pre​-​retirement income. If you’re lucky, your employer may help fund part of the remaining 60%.

Frugal isn’t fun. Just getting by in retirement may be the reality for many people, but that ບໍ່ຄວນ be your goal. Do you really want to cut back on your lifestyle? Do you want to live so close to the bone that an unexpected expense can wreak financial havoc? Aim higher.

ຄຸນສົມບັດເພີ່ມເຕີມ. Discretionary spending is what makes retirement enjoyable, so plan for it. Whatever you dream of doing is discretionary, whether it’s travel, hobbies, dining out or collecting stuff. Helping your children is discretionary, too.

Forget budgeting. You probably already know what you spend on necessities, how much you save and your net income. What’s a ງົບປະມານ going to tell you that you don’t already know? Just make sure you set aside enough money to pay off your credit cards in full every month—no exceptions.

Steady spending. Surveys say that spending declines later in retirement. I’ve been retired for 12 years now, and our spending hasn’t fallen. Stuff—expensive stuff—keeps happening, hence my advice to aim for 100% income replacement.

Inflation’s impact. Inflation is a big deal, but its effects vary by person. Are you renting? Do you ຂັບ a great deal? Are you looking to buy a house? Don’t forget that, despite the rhetoric, retired people don’t live on a fixed income. If nothing else, Social Security benefits increase with inflation. The 4% withdrawal strategy also assumes annual inflation increases.

Big bucks. Spending on health care varies widely from one retiree to the next, plus that $300,000 figure mostly represents years of Medicare ແລະ Medigap premiums. Forecast your property taxes or rental payments for the next 30 years, and you’ll get a big number for those, too.

ຊີວິດຍາວ. The longer you live, the longer you can expect to live. For a 65-year-old man today, life ຄວາມ​ຄາດ​ຫວັງ is age 84, while at age 75 it’s 87. Longevity means more inflation and more time for unexpected stuff to happen. It’s another good argument for starting retirement with excess income.

ຄວາມ​ປອດ​ໄພ​ທາງ​ສັງ​ຄົມ. ລືມກ່ຽວກັບ ຜະລິດຕະພັນຕ່າງປະເທດ point. What do you care? You won’t be around to see if you won the Social Security maximization game. Take your benefits when you need the money the most. Remember, there are tax ສົ່ງຜົນສະທ້ອນ and survivor ຜົນປະໂຫຍດ ເພື່ອພິຈາລະນາ.

​Read: '' '"When should you file for Social Security? Don’t be fooled by the ‘break-even’ analysis.

Save till you drop. I still save in retirement. Yes, it’s far less than before, but it’s enough to replenish the emergency fund and put something in our grandchildren’s 529 plans.

ກົດລະບຽບ 4%. It isn’t a rule, it’s a guideline. Search the literature, and you’ll find some say 4% is ລ້າສະໄຫມ and that it should now be 3.5% or less. Search further and some experts say retirees are shortchanging themselves and should take more. Nobody knows with 100% certainty, so I would err on the conservative side. If you’re wrong, you can always take out more money later.

This column first appeared on Humble Dollar. It was republished with permission.

ຮຽນ​ຮູ້​ວິ​ທີ​ການ​ສັ່ນ​ປະ​ຕິ​ບັດ​ທາງ​ດ້ານ​ການ​ເງິນ​ຂອງ​ທ່ານ​ຢູ່​ທີ່ ແນວຄວາມຄິດໃຫມ່ທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດໃນງານບຸນເງິນ ໃນວັນທີ 21 ກັນຍາ ແລະ ວັນທີ 22 ກັນຍາ ທີ່ນະຄອນນິວຢອກ. ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ Carrie Schwab, ປະທານມູນນິທິ Charles Schwab.